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Compare Western Sahara (2001) - Niue (2002)

Compare Western Sahara (2001) z Niue (2002)

 Western Sahara (2001)Niue (2002)
 Western SaharaNiue
Administrative divisions none (under de facto control of Morocco) none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages at the second order
Age structure 0-14 years:
NA%

15-64 years:
NA%

65 years and over:
NA%		 0-14 years: NA%


15-64 years: NA%


65 years and over: NA%
Agriculture - products fruits and vegetables (grown in the few oases); camels, sheep, goats (kept by nomads) coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle
Airports 11 (2000 est.) 1 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total:
3

2,438 to 3,047 m:
3 (2000 est.)		 total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
8

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
4

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)		 -
Area total:
266,000 sq km

land:
266,000 sq km

water:
0 sq km		 total: 260 sq km


land: 260 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about the size of Colorado 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Morocco virtually annexed the northern two-thirds of Western Sahara (formerly Spanish Sahara) in 1976, and the rest of the territory in 1979, following Mauritania's withdrawal. A guerrilla war with the Polisario Front contesting Rabat's sovereignty ended in a 1991 cease-fire; a referendum on final status has been repeatedly postponed and is not expected to occur until at least 2002. Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to about 2,100 in 2002) with substantial emigration to New Zealand, 2,400 km to the southwest.
Birth rate - NA births/1,000 population
Budget revenues:
$NA

expenditures:
$NA, including capital expenditures of $NA		 revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
Capital none Alofi
Climate hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew tropical; modified by southeast trade winds
Coastline 1,110 km 64 km
Constitution - 19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act)
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Western Sahara

former:
Spanish Sahara		 conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Niue


former: Savage Island
Currency Moroccan dirham (MAD) New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Death rate - NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external $NA $NA
Dependency status - self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense; however, these responsibilities confer no rights of control and are only exercised at the request of the Government of Niue
Diplomatic representation from the US none none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)
Diplomatic representation in the US none none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)
Disputes - international claimed and administered by Morocco, but sovereignty is unresolved and the UN is attempting to hold a referendum on the issue; the UN-administered cease-fire has been in effect since September 1991 none
Economic aid - recipient $NA $2.6 million from New Zealand (2002)
Economy - overview Western Sahara, a territory poor in natural resources and lacking sufficient rainfall, depends on pastoral nomadism, fishing, and phosphate mining as the principal sources of income for the population. Most of the food for the urban population must be imported. All trade and other economic activities are controlled by the Moroccan Government. Incomes and standards of living are substantially below the Moroccan level. The economy suffers from the typical Pacific island problems of geographic isolation, few resources, and a small population. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of migration of Niueans to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry, although Premier LAKATANI announced in February 2002 that Niue will shut down the offshore banking industry. Economic aid from New Zealand in 2002 will be about $2.6 million.
Electricity - consumption 83.7 million kWh (1999) 2.79 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production 90 million kWh (1999) 3 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Sebjet Tah -55 m

highest point:
unnamed location 463 m		 lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m
Environment - current issues sparse water and lack of arable land increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture
Environment - international agreements party to:
none of the selected agreements

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements		 party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification


signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups Arab, Berber Polynesian (with some 200 Europeans, Samoans, and Tongans)
Exchange rates Moroccan dirhams per US dollar - 10.590 (January 2001), 10.626 (2000), 9.804 (1999), 9.604 (1998), 9.527 (1997), 8.716 (1996) New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.3535 (January 2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8629 (1998), 1.5082 (1997)
Executive branch none chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since NA May 2000)


head of government: Premier Young VIVIAN (since 1 May 2002)


cabinet: Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers


elections: the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 1 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2005)


election results: Young VIVIAN elected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - Young VIVIAN (NPP) 70%, Hunukitama HUNUKI (AI)30%
Exports $NA $137,200 (1999)
Exports - commodities phosphates 62% canned coconut cream, copra, honey, vanilla, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts
Exports - partners Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts NZ mainly, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia
Fiscal year calendar year 1 April - 31 March
Flag description - yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross
GDP purchasing power parity - $NA purchasing power parity - $7.6 million (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
40%-45% (1996 est.)		 agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: 55%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $NA purchasing power parity - $3,600 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA% -0.3% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 24 30 N, 13 00 W 19 02 S, 169 52 W
Geography - note - one of world's largest coral islands
Heliports 1 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
6,200 km

paved:
1,350 km

unpaved:
4,850 km (1991 est.)		 total: 234 km


paved: 86 km


unpaved: 148 km (106 km of which is access and plantation road) (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports $NA $2.38 million (1999)
Imports - commodities fuel for fishing fleet, foodstuffs food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs
Imports - partners Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts NZ mainly, Fiji, Japan, Samoa, Australia, US
Independence - on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand
Industrial production growth rate NA% NA%
Industries phosphate mining, handicrafts tourism, handicrafts, food processing
Infant mortality rate - NA deaths/1,000 live births
Inflation rate (consumer prices) NA% 1% (1995) (1995)
International organization participation none ACP, ESCAP (associate), FAO, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UNESCO, WHO, WMO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) 1 (2000)
Irrigated land NA sq km NA sq km
Judicial branch - Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue
Labor force 12,000 NA
Labor force - by occupation animal husbandry and subsistence farming 50% most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board
Land boundaries total:
2,046 km

border countries:
Algeria 42 km, Mauritania 1,561 km, Morocco 443 km		 0 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
19%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
81%		 arable land: 19.23%


permanent crops: 7.69%


other: 73.08% (1998 est.)
Languages Hassaniya Arabic, Moroccan Arabic Niuean, a Polynesian language closely related to Tongan and Samoan; English
Legal system - English common law


note: Niue is self-governing, with the power to make its own laws
Legislative branch - unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives)


elections: last held 21 March 2002 (next to be held in March 2005)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NPP 9, independents 11; note - all 20 seats were reelected
Life expectancy at birth - total population: NA years


male: NA years


female: NA years
Literacy definition:
NA

total population:
NA%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%		 definition: NA


total population: 95%


male: NA%


female: NA%
Location Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Mauritania and Morocco Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga
Map references Africa Oceania
Maritime claims contingent upon resolution of sovereignty issue exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - none (2002 est.)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of New Zealand
Military branches NA no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% -
National holiday - Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)
Nationality noun:
Sahrawi(s), Sahraoui(s)

adjective:
Sahrawian, Sahraouian		 noun: Niuean(s)


adjective: Niuean
Natural hazards hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of time, often severely restricting visibility typhoons
Natural resources phosphates, iron ore fish, arable land
Net migration rate - NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
Political parties and leaders - Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Young VIVIAN]; Alliance of Independents or AI [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders none NA
Population 250,559 (July 2001 est.) 2,134 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate - 0.5% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors Ad Dakhla, Cabo Bojador, Laayoune (El Aaiun) none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations AM 2, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 56,000 (1997) 1,000 (1997)
Railways 0 km 0 km
Religions Muslim Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 75%, Latter-Day Saints 10%, other 15% (mostly Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-Day Adventist)
Sex ratio - NA
Suffrage none; a UN-sponsored voter identification campaign has yet to be completed 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
sparse and limited system

domestic:
NA

international:
tied into Morocco's system by microwave radio relay, tropospheric scatter, and satellite; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) linked to Rabat, Morocco		 domestic: single-line telephone system connects all villages on island


international: NA
Telephones - main lines in use about 2,000 (1999 est.) 376 (1991)
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (1999) 0 (1991)
Television broadcast stations NA 1 (1997)
Terrain mostly low, flat desert with large areas of rocky or sandy surfaces rising to small mountains in south and northeast steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau
Total fertility rate - NA children born/woman
Unemployment rate NA% NA%
Waterways none none
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